CanCer-666: breast cancer

Breast Cancer In Men

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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Breast cancer in men</span></b></div>
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<a href="http://cancer-666.blogspot.com/">Breast cancer in men</a> is the same disease as that which afects women. Both men  and women have breast tissue, although men have less breast tissue than  women. Most of the breast tissue in men is located behind the nipple.<br />
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Male  breast cancer can be early or advanced at diagnosis. Early breast  cancer is cancer that is contained in the breast and may or may not have  spread to the lymph nodes in the breast or armpit.<br />
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The  most common breast cancer found in men is invasive ductal carcinoma.  This cancer typically presents as a lump. However there are other  symptoms that men should be aware of.<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Can men really get breast cancer?</span></b></div>
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It  may come as a surprise to most men to learn that they can develop  breast cancer. While breast cancer is uncommon in men, it’s important  for men who fnd a change in their breasts not to let embarrassment or  uncertainty prevent them from seeing their doctor without delay. Early  detection and treatment are the best way to survive the disease.<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Types of breast cancer in men</b></span></div>
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<b>Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)</b></div>
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In  DCIS (also known as intraductal carcinoma), cancer cells form in the  breast ducts but do not grow through the walls of the ducts into the  fatty tissue of the breast or spread outside the breast. DCIS accounts  for about 1 in 10 cases of <b>breast cancer in men</b>. It is almost always  curable with surgery.<br />
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<b>Infiltrating (or invasive) ductal carcinoma (IDC)</b></div>
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This  type of breast cancer breaks through the wall of the duct and grows  through the fatty tissue of the breast. At this point, it can spread  (metastasize) to other parts of the body. At least 8 out of 10 male  breast cancers are IDCs (alone or mixed with other types of invasive or  in situ breast cancer). Because the male breast is much smaller than the  female breast, all male breast cancers start relatively close to the  nipple, so they are more likely to spread to the nipple. This is  different from Paget disease as described below.<br />
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<b>Infiltrating (or invasive) lobular carcinoma (ILC)</b></div>
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This  type of breast cancer starts in the breast lobules (collections of  cells that, in women, produce breast milk) and grows into the fatty  tissue of the breast. ILC is very rare in men, accounting for only about  2% of male breast cancers. This is because men do not usually have much  lobular tissue.<br />
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<b>Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)</b></div>
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In  LCIS, abnormal cells form in the lobules, but they do not grow into the  fatty tissue of the breast or spread outside the breast. Although LCIS  is sometimes grouped with DCIS as a type of non-invasive breast cancer,  most breast specialists think it is a risk factor for developing breast  cancer rather than a true non-invasive cancer. As with invasive lobular  carcinoma, LCIS is very rare in men.<br />
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<b>Paget disease of the nipple</b></div>
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This  type of breast cancer starts in the breast ducts and spreads to the  nipple. It may also spread to the areola (the dark circle around the  nipple). The skin of the nipple usually appears crusted, scaly, and red,  with areas of itching, oozing, burning, or bleeding. The fingertips can  be used to detect a possible lump within the breast.<br />
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Paget  disease may be associated with DCIS or with infiltrating ductal  carcinoma. It accounts for about 1% of female breast cancers and a  higher percentage of male breast cancers.<br />
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<b>Inflammatory breast cancer</b></div>
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Inflammatory  breast cancer is an aggressive, but rare type of breast cancer. It  causes the breast to be swollen, red, warm and tender rather than  forming a lump. It can be mistaken for an infection of the breast. This  is very rare in men.<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">causes breast cancer in men</span></b></div>
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It   is not possible to say exactly what causes <i>breast cancer in men</i>.   However, research has shown that there are some things that increase a   man’s chance of developing breast cancer. These are called ‘risk   factors’.<br />
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<b>The most common risk factors are:</b></div>
<ul>
<li>getting older - breast cancer in men occurs more commonly in those aged 50 years and older</li>
<li>having a strong family history-having a family history of female  or  male breast cancer or ovarian cancer on either side of the family can   increase your risk of developing breast cancer.</li>
</ul>
However,  most men who develop breast cancer do not have a strong  family history  of the disease. If you are concerned about your risk  based on family  history see your GP.<br />
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<b>Other less common factors that may increase risk include:</b></div>
<ul>
<li>high oestrogen levels</li>
<li>Klinefelter’s syndrome</li>
<li>some testicular disorders</li>
<li>radiation exposure.</li>
</ul>
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<b>The triple test includes:</b></div>
<ul>
<li>clinical breast examination and taking a personal history</li>
<li>imaging tests i.e. mammography and/or ultrasound</li>
<li>non-surgical biopsy i.e. a fne needle aspiration and/or core biopsy.</li>
</ul>
<u>A  clinical breast</u> examination involves checking both breasts and  feeling  the lymph nodes under the armpits. Imaging tests involve an  X-ray of  the breast, called a mammogram, or a scan that uses sound waves  to  produce an image of the breast, called an ultrasound.<br />
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If   the imaging test shows an abnormal area, you may have a biopsy. This   involves taking a sample of cells or tissue from the breast and   examining them under a microscope.</div>
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Breast Cancer In Men

Breast cancer in men Breast cancer in men is the same disease as that which afects women. Both men and women have breast tissue, al...

New Treatment of Breast Cancer

Gaptek_ancorez breast cancer 1:29 PM

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New Treatment of Breast Cancer</h1>
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This post describes <b>treatments of breast <a href="http://cancer-666.blogspot.com/">cancer</a></b> that are being studied in clinical trials. It may not mention every new treatment being studied.<br />
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<ul>
<li>Follow-up tests may be needed</li>
</ul>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVpX1oLRiyItgG9Dp52oXuEpckjmNC6sUtE7fF8uytXRxmwYIthCL_zsFXdtBBGHRjfNH3VGfJqbARnm13opPmWgJKnmWC_YsEQi1L2-AhRe9DWnsy_EqOAkfLz07iQQMXkxudYjuSe33-/s1600/New+Treatment+of+Breast+Cancer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="153" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVpX1oLRiyItgG9Dp52oXuEpckjmNC6sUtE7fF8uytXRxmwYIthCL_zsFXdtBBGHRjfNH3VGfJqbARnm13opPmWgJKnmWC_YsEQi1L2-AhRe9DWnsy_EqOAkfLz07iQQMXkxudYjuSe33-/s200/New+Treatment+of+Breast+Cancer.jpg" width="200" /></a>Some of the tests that were done to diagnose the cancer or to find out the stage of the cancer may be repeated. Some tests will be repeated in order to see how well the treatment is working. Decisions about whether to continue, change, or stop treatment may be based on the results of these tests. This is sometimes called re-staging.<br />
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Some of the tests will continue to be done from time to time after <i>treatment</i> has ended. The results of these tests can show if your condition has changed or if the cancer has recurred (come back). These tests are sometimes called follow-up tests or check-ups.<br />
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<ul>
<li>High-dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplant</li>
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High-dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplant is a way of giving high doses of chemotherapy and replacing blood -forming cells destroyed by the cancer treatment. Stem cells (immature blood cells) are removed from the blood or bone marrow of the patient or a donor and are frozen and stored. After the chemotherapy is completed, the stored stem cells are thawed and given back to the patient through an infusion. These reinfused stem cells grow into (and restore) the body’s blood cells.<br />
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Studies have shown that high-dose chemotherapy followed by stem cell transplant does not work better than standard chemotherapy in the <u>treatment of breast cancer</u>. Doctors have decided that, for now, high- dose chemotherapy should be tested only in clinical trials. Before taking part in such a trial, women should talk with their doctors about the serious side effects, including death, that may be caused by high-dose chemotherapy.<br />
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New Treatment of Breast Cancer</h2>
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<ul>
<li>Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial.</li>
</ul>
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For some patients, taking part in a clinical trial may be the best treatment choice. Clinical trials are part of the cancer research process. Clinical trials are done to find out if new cancer treatments are safe and effective or better than the standard treatment.<br />
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Many of today's standard treatments for cancer are based on earlier clinical trials. Patients who take part in a clinical trial may receive the standard treatment or be among the first to receive a new treatment.<br />
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Patients who take part in clinical trials also help improve the way cancer will be treated in the future. Even when clinical trials do not lead to effective new treatments, they often answer important questions and help move research forward.<br />
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<ul>
<li>Patients can enter clinical trials before, during, or after starting their cancer treatment.</li>
</ul>
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Some clinical trials only include patients who have not yet received treatment. Other trials test treatments for patients whose cancer has not gotten better. There are also clinical trials that test new ways to stop cancer from recurring (coming back) or reduce the side effects of cancer treatment.</div>
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New Treatment of Breast Cancer

New Treatment of Breast Cancer This post describes treatments of breast cancer that are being studied in clinical trials. It may not me...

Treatment of Breast Cancer

Gaptek_ancorez breast cancer 1:05 PM

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Treatment of Breast Cancer</h1>
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Different types of <b>treatment</b> are available for patients with breast <a href="http://cancer-666.blogspot.com/">cancer</a>. Some treatments are standard (the currently used treatment), and some are being tested in clinical trials. A treatment clinical trial is a research study meant to help improve current treatments or obtain information on new treatments for patients with cancer. When clinical trials show that a new treatment is better than the standard treatment, the new treatment may become the standard treatment. Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are open only to patients who have not started treatment.<br />
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Every breast cancer patient should preferably be seen by a Surgeon, Medical Oncologist, Radiation Oncologist and Plastic Surgeon before anything is done. Then a treatment plan has to be made and implicated by each member of the team. Different strategies have to be explained an discussed with the patient and her input has to direct the course of treatment.<br />
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Types of standard treatment are used</h2>
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<li>Chemotherapy</li>
</ul>
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Chemotherapy is a <i>cancer treatment</i> that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. When chemotherapy is taken by mouth or injected into a vein or muscle, the drugs enter the bloodstream and can reach cancer cells throughout the body (systemic chemotherapy). When chemotherapy is placed directly into the cerebrospinal fluid, an organ, or a body cavity such as the abdomen, the drugs mainly affect cancer cells in those areas (regional chemotherapy). The way the chemotherapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.<br />
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<ul>
<li>Hormone therapy</li>
</ul>
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Hormone therapy is a cancer treatment that removes hormones or blocks their action and stops cancer cells from growing. Hormones are substances produced by glands in the body and circulated in the bloodstream. Some hormones can cause certain cancers to grow. If tests show that the cancer cells have places where hormones can attach (receptors), drugs, surgery, or radiation therapy is used to reduce the production of hormones or block them from working. The hormone estrogen, which makes some breast cancers grow, is made mainly by the ovaries. Treatment to stop the ovaries from making estrogen is called ovarian ablation.<br />
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Hormone therapy with an aromatase inhibitor is given to some postmenopausal women who have hormone-dependent breast cancer. Hormone-dependent breast cancer needs the hormone estrogen to grow. Aromatase inhibitors decrease the body's estrogen by blocking an enzyme called aromatase from turning androgen into estrogen.<br />
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Hormone therapy with tamoxifen is often given to patients with early stages of breast cancer and those with metastatic breast cancer (cancer that has spread to other parts of the body). Hormone therapy with tamoxifen or estrogens can act on cells all over the body and may increase the chance of developing endometrial cancer. Women taking tamoxifen should have a pelvic exam every year to look for any signs of cancer. Any vaginal bleeding, other than menstrual bleeding, should be reported to a doctor as soon as possible.<br />
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For the treatment of early stage breast cancer, certain aromatase inhibitors may be used as adjuvant therapy instead of tamoxifen or after 2 or more years of tamoxifen. For the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, aromatase inhibitors are being tested in clinical trials to compare them to hormone therapy with tamoxifen.<br />
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<ul>
<li>Radiation therapy</li>
</ul>
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Radiation therapy is a cancer treatment that uses high-energy x- rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing. There are two types of radiation therapy. External radiation therapy uses a machine outside the body to send radiation toward the cancer. Internal radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters that are placed directly into or near the cancer. The way the radiation therapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.<br />
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<ul>
<li>Surgery</li>
</ul>
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Whereby surgeon will attempt to remove the tumor as well as some normal tissue around the tumor. The extent of surgery on the breast will depend on the size and location of tumor as well as the size of the breast. Another aspect of surgery is removal of the lymph glands from the area under the arm on the same side as cancer is diagnosed. The findings, and status of these lymph glands, in respect to cancer involving them, is the most important determining factor for further care of patients. Some complementary laboratory tests are also performed on the cancer tissue in order to determine the presence or absence of receptor molecules to Estrogen (ER) or Progesterone (PR) (female sex hormones) as well as genetic and chromosome studies.<br />
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Mastectomy is complete removal of one breast and some surrounding tissues. This is done under general anesthesia and in a hospital setting.<br />
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Lumpectomy is partial removal of the breast tissue that contains the cancer, whereby most of the breast architecture is preserved. Since some cancer cells may be left behind with this procedure, the reminder of the breast has to be treated with radiation to achieve similar results as with Mastectomy.<br />
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<ul>
<li>Sentinel lymph node biopsy followed by surgery</li>
</ul>
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Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the removal of the sentinel lymph node during surgery. The sentinel lymph node is the first lymph node to receive lymphatic drainage from a tumor. It is the first lymph node the cancer is likely to spread to from the tumor. A radioactive substance and/or blue dye is injected near the tumor. The substance or dye flows through the lymph ducts to the lymph nodes. The first lymph node to receive the substance or dye is removed. A pathologist views the tissue under a microscope to look for cancer cells. If cancer cells are not found, it may not be necessary to remove more lymph nodes. After the sentinel lymph node biopsy, the surgeon removes the tumor (breast- conserving surgery or mastectomy).<br />
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<ul>
<li>Targeted therapy</li>
</ul>
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Targeted therapy is a type of treatment that uses drugs or other substances to identify and attack specific cancer cells without harming normal cells. PARP inhibitors are a type of targeted therapy being studied for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. Monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors are two types of targeted therapies used in the <u>treatment of breast cancer</u>.<br />
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- PARP inhibitors are a type of targeted therapy that block DNA repair and may cause cancer cells to die. PARP inhibitor therapy is being studied for the treatment of triple- negative breast cancer.<br />
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- Monoclonal antibody therapy is a cancer treatment that uses antibodies made in the laboratory, from a single type of immune system cell. These antibodies can identify substances on cancer cells or normal substances that may help cancer cells grow. The antibodies attach to the substances and kill the cancer cells, block their growth, or keep them from spreading. Monoclonal antibodies are given by infusion. They may be used alone or to carry drugs, toxins, or radioactive material directly to cancer cells. Monoclonal antibodies may be used in combination with chemotherapy as adjuvant therapy.<br />
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Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody that blocks the effects of the growth factor protein HER2, which sends growth signals to breast cancer cells. About one- fourth of patients with breast cancer have tumors that may be treated with trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy.<br />
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- Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are targeted therapy drugs that block signals needed for tumors to grow. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors may be used in combination with other anticancer drugs as adjuvant therapy.<br />
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Lapatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that blocks the effects of the HER2 protein and other proteins inside tumor cells. It may be used with other drugs to treat patients with HER2-positive breast cancer that has progressed following treatment with trastuzumab.</div>
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Treatment of Breast Cancer

Treatment of Breast Cancer Different types of treatment are available for patients with breast cancer . Some treatments are standard (t...

Spread of the Breast Cancer

Gaptek_ancorez breast cancer 11:07 AM

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<h1>
Spread of the Breast Cancer</h1>
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<b>How breast <a href="http://cancer-666.blogspot.com/">cancer</a> spreads ?</b><br />
<ul>
<li>The primary</li>
</ul>
Tumor begins in the breast it self, but once it becomes invasive, it may progress beyond the breast to the regional lymph nodes or travel (metastasize) to other organ systems in the body and become systemic in nature. Lymph is the clear, protein-rich fluid that bathes the cells throughout the body. Lymph will work its way back to the bloodstream via small channels known as lymphatics. Along the way, the lymph is filtered through cellular stations known as nodes, thus they are called lymph nodes. Nearly all organs in the body have a primary lymph node group filtering fluid that comes from that organ. In the breast, the primary lymph nodes are under the armpit, or axilla.<br />
<ul>
<li>The Classically</li>
</ul>
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The primary tumor begins in the breast and the first place to which it is likely to <b>spread</b> is the regional lymph nodes. Cancer, as it invades in its place of origin, may also work its way into blood vessels. If cancer gets into the blood vessels, the blood vessels provide yet another route for the cancer to spread to other organs of the body.<br />
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Breast cancer follows this classic progression though it often becomes systemic or widespread early in the course of the disease. By the time one can feel a lump in the breast it is often 0.4 inches, or one centimeter, in size and contains roughly a million cells. It is estimated that a tumor of this size may take one to five years to develop. During that time, the cancer may metastasize, or <i>spread</i> by lymphatics or blood to areas elsewhere in the body.<br />
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<h2>
Spread of the Breast Cancer</h2>
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When primary breast cancer spreads, it may first go to the axillary nodes. If this occurs, regional metastasis exists. If it proceeds elsewhere either by lymphatic or blood-borne spread, the patient develops systemic metastasis that may involve a number of other organs in the body.<br />
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Favorite sites of systemic involvement for breast cancer are the lung, bones, liver, skin, and soft tissue. As it turns out, the presence of, and the actual number of, regional lymph nodes containing cancer remains the single best indicator of whether or not the cancer has become widely metastatic. Because tests to discover metastasis in other organs may not be sensitive enough to reveal minute deposits of cancer cells, the evaluation of the axilla for regional metasis becomes very important in making treatment decisions for this disease.<br />
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If <u>breast cancer spreads</u> to other major organs of the body, its presence will compromise the function of those organs. Death is the result of extreme compromise of vital organ function.<br />
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If breast cancer is left untreated, or fails to respond to treatment, it will progress in a gradual fashion and may involve any of the following areas or cause any of the following complications:<br />
<ul>
<li>Bones</li>
<li>Brain</li>
<li>High Calcium levels</li>
<li>Liver</li>
<li>Lungs</li>
<li>Lymph glands</li>
<li>Pericardial Effusion</li>
<li>Pleural cavity</li>
<li>Spinal Cord Compression</li>
</ul>
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Spread of the Breast Cancer

Spread of the Breast Cancer How breast cancer spreads ? The primary Tumor begins in the breast it self, but once it becomes invasiv...

Types of Breast Cancer

Gaptek_ancorez breast cancer 12:00 PM

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<h1>
Types of Breast Cancer</h1>
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<b>Breast <a href="http://cancer-666.blogspot.com/">cancer</a>'s</b> appearance under microscope is categorized into two major groups with two totally different behavior patterns:<br />
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<b>Invasive</b><br />
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Breast cancer refers to the most common type of breast cancer.<br />
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<ul>
<li>Infiltrating ducal carcinoma - Most breast cancers are of this type.</li>
<li>Infiltrating lobular carcinoma- 10% of breast cancers are of this type.</li>
</ul>
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<b>Non-Invasive</b><br />
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There are primarily two <i>types of breast cancer</i> to be found in most women.  These types of breast cancer are named after the parts of the breast in which they start. They are:<br />
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<ol>
<li><u>Ductal Carcinoma Breast Cancer</u><br />
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It starts in the cells which line the breast's ducts, beneath the nipple and areola. The ducts supply milk to the nipple. Between 85% and 90% of all breast cancers are ductal. If the cancer is DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ), it is well contained, not invasive, and can be very successfully treated. Usually removed during a lumpectomy, if the tumor margins are clear of cancer, follow-up treatment may include radiation. If ductal cancer has broken into nearby breast tissue (invasive cancer) then a mastectomy may be needed, and your physician may also recommend chemotherapy.</li>
<li><u>Lobular Carcinoma Breast Cancer</u><br />
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It begins in the lobes or glands which produce milk in the breast. The lobes are located deeper inside the breast, under the ducts. About 8% of breast cancers are lobular. If the cancer is LCIS (lobular carcinoma in situ) that means the cancer is limited within the lobe and has not spread. It may be removed during a lumpectomy, if the tumor margins are clear of cancer, and follow-up treatment may include radiation. If lobular cancer has spread into nearby breast tissue (invasive cancer) then a mastectomy may be needed, and your physician may also recommend chemotherapy. </li>
</ol>
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<h2>
Types of Breast Cancer</h2>
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One of the rarest forms of breast cancer is named for its appearance.<br />
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<ul>
<li><u>Inflammatory Breast Cancer</u><br />
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It is the least common, but most aggressive of breast cancers, taking the form of sheets instead of lumps. The breast may feel warm, and be red and swollen. It can also feel tender or itchy. It can start in the soft tissues of the breast, just under the skin, or it can appear in the skin. Unlike ductal and lobular cancers, it is treated first with chemotherapy and then with surgery. When caught early, inflammatory <u>breast cancer </u>can be a manageable disease and survival rates are increasing. But because there are usually no lumps the cancer often isn't detected until it has progressed.</li>
</ul>
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Least common is cancer of the nipple, named for Sir James Paget who first noticed the relationship between changes in the nipple and the underlying breast cancer.<br />
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<ul>
<li><u>Paget's Disease of the nipple/areola</u><br />
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It often looks like a skin rash, or rough skin. It resembles eczema, and can be itchy. The itching and scabs (if scratched) are signs that cancer may be under the surface of the skin, and is breaking through. Paget's is usually treated with a mastectomy, because the cancer has by then invaded the nipple, areola, and the milk ducts.</li>
</ul>
</div>
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Types of Breast Cancer

Types of Breast Cancer Breast cancer 's appearance under microscope is categorized into two major groups with two totally differ...

Sign and Symptoms of Breast Cancer

Gaptek_ancorez breast cancer 9:48 AM

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<h1>
Sign and Symptoms of Breast Cancer</h1>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitUoOv8do8WPMkfxeMg2Ztc5fyOteoPgdHtjWBgCdmt_9AB6ENuo9QxhX5jDc1QFZ_52UjnNSAycL2138VmzUBgC6j1nkPyDESYk9knCu2-uJiTGOyMYgdRG9_AWPokpMLFvESs5caQGad/s1600/Sign+and+Symptoms+of+Breast+Cancer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitUoOv8do8WPMkfxeMg2Ztc5fyOteoPgdHtjWBgCdmt_9AB6ENuo9QxhX5jDc1QFZ_52UjnNSAycL2138VmzUBgC6j1nkPyDESYk9knCu2-uJiTGOyMYgdRG9_AWPokpMLFvESs5caQGad/s320/Sign+and+Symptoms+of+Breast+Cancer.jpg" width="320" /></a>More women are now being diagnosed by means of a routine mammogram.  Any lump in the <b>breast</b> and any mammogram abnormality must be studied very carefully. Other signs might include:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Changes in breast size or shape</li>
<li>Crusting or scaling on the nipple</li>
<li>Dimpling or puckering of the skin-thickening and dimpling skin is sometimes called orange peel</li>
<li>Inverted nipple</li>
<li>Lump or swelling in the armpit</li>
<li>Peeling, scaling or flaking of the nipple or breast skin</li>
<li>Redness, swelling and increased warmth in the affected breast</li>
</ul>
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<h2>
Sign and Symptoms of Breast Cancer</h2>
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Often, these <i>symptoms</i> are not caused by cancer. Other health problems can cause them. Testing is necessary to make a diagnosis.<br />
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<b>When to see a doctor</b><br />
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Early diagnosis is especially <u>important for breast cancer</u> because the disease responds best to treatment before it has spread. The earlier breast cancer is found and treated, the better a woman's chance for complete recovery.<br />
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Although the majority of breast changes don't turn out to be <a href="http://cancer-666.blogspot.com/">cancer</a>, make an appointment to see your doctor if you find a lump or other change in your breast. Even if you've just had a mammogram with normal results, it's still important to have your doctor evaluate any changes.</div>
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Sign and Symptoms of Breast Cancer

Sign and Symptoms of Breast Cancer More women are now being diagnosed by means of a routine mammogram. Any lump in the breast and any ...

The Risks of Breast Cancer

Gaptek_ancorez breast cancer 6:01 PM

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<h1>
The Risks of Breast Cancer</h1>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-NJrqPhZsfgDNa2TYZp3Ltpq4WAjRVappH9wRWhC8nuHHamNmRuYuysR-8TzEyC9Dwcfs_OR4mFBvAACwsVz6WO3O6FUzjHqK2Ed1LX0-lOpj_zZS7uqS80ux2MoPo-H_qFax0s-i5dt3/s1600/The+Risks+of+Breast+Cancer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-NJrqPhZsfgDNa2TYZp3Ltpq4WAjRVappH9wRWhC8nuHHamNmRuYuysR-8TzEyC9Dwcfs_OR4mFBvAACwsVz6WO3O6FUzjHqK2Ed1LX0-lOpj_zZS7uqS80ux2MoPo-H_qFax0s-i5dt3/s320/The+Risks+of+Breast+Cancer.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<b>Breast <a href="http://cancer-666.blogspot.com/">cancer</a></b> (malignant breast neoplasm) is a type of cancer originating from breast tissue, most commonly from the inner lining of milk ducts or the lobules that supply the ducts with milk. Cancers originating from ducts are known as ductal carcinomas; those originating from lobules are known as lobular carcinomas. Breast cancer is a disease of humans and other mammals; while the overwhelming majority of cases in humans are women, men can sometimes also develop breast cancer.<br />
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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, being responsible for almost 20 percent of all cancer deaths in women. It ranks second after lung cancer. Roughly 180,000 women are diagnosed with this disease each year, of which 44,000 will die. With increased awareness and increased use of routine mammograms, more women are diagnosed in the earlier stages of this disease, at which time a cure may be possible. For every 100 women, one man is diagnosed with this disease. The disease is more common in women after age 40. It is also more frequent in women of a higher social-economic class.<br />
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<h2>
Risk factors</h2>
<ol>
<li><u>Risk factors you cannot change</u></li>
<ul>
<li>Age</li>
The chance of getting breast cancer goes up as a woman gets older. About 2 of 3 women with invasive breast cancer are 55 or older when the cancer is found.
<li>Breast radiation early in life</li>
Women who have had radiation treatment to the chest area (as treatment for another cancer) earlier in life have a greatly increased risk of breast cancer. The risk varies with the patient's age when they had radiation. The risk from chest radiation is highest if the radiation were given during the teens, when the breasts were still developing. Radiation treatment after age 40 does not seem to increase breast cancer risk.
<li>Certain benign (not cancer) breast problems</li>
Women who have certain benign breast changes may have an increased risk of breast cancer. Some of these are more closely linked to breast cancer risk than others.
<li>Dense breast tissue</li>
Dense breast tissue means there is more gland tissue and less fatty tissue. Women with denser breast tissue have a higher risk of breast cancer. Dense breast tissue can also make it harder for doctors to spot problems on mammograms.
<li>Family history</li>
Breast cancer risk is higher among women whose close blood relatives have this disease. The relatives can be from either the mother's or father's side of the family. Having a mother, sister, or daughter with breast cancer about doubles a woman's risk. It's important to note that most (over 85%) women who get breast cancer do not have a family history of this disease.
<li>Gender</li>
Being a woman is the main risk for breast cancer. While men also get the disease, it is about 100 times more common in women than in men.
<li>Genetic risk factors</li>
About 5% to 10% of breast cancers are thought to be linked to inherited changes (mutations) in certain genes. The most common gene changes are those of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Women with these gene changes have up to an 80% chance of getting breast cancer during their lifetimes. Other gene changes may raise breast cancer risk, too.
<li>Lobular carcinoma in situ</li>
This begins in the milk- making glands (lobules) but does not go through the wall of the lobules and cannot spread to other parts of the body. It is not a true cancer or pre-cancer, but having LCIS increases a woman's risk of getting cancer later. For this reason, it's important that women with LCIS make sure they have regular mammograms and doctor visits. Women with lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) have a 7 to 11 times greater risk of developing cancer in either breast.
<li>Menstrual periods</li>
Women who began having periods early (before age 12) or who went through the change of life (menopause) after the age of 55 have a slightly increased risk of breast cancer. The increase in risk may be due to a longer lifetime exposure to the hormones estrogen and progesterone.
<li>Personal history of breast cancer</li>
A woman with cancer in one breast has a greater chance of getting a new cancer in the other breast or in another part of the same breast. This is different from a return of the first cancer (called recurrence).
<li>Race</li>
Overall, white women are slightly more likely to get breast cancer than African-American women. But in women under 45 years of age, breast cancer is more common in African American women. African American women, though, are more likely to die of breast cancer. Asian, Hispanic, and Native-American women have a lower risk of getting and dying from breast cancer.
<li>Treatment with DES</li>
In the past, some pregnant women were given the drug DES (diethylstilbestrol) because it was thought to lower their chances of losing the baby (miscarriage). Studies have shown that these women and the children exposed in the womb have a slightly increased risk of getting breast cancer.</ul>
<li><i><u>Breast cancer risk and lifestyle choices</u></i></li>
<ul>
<li>Recent use of birth control pills</li>
Studies have found that women who are using birth control pills have a slightly greater risk of breast cancer than women who have never used them. This risk seems to go back to normal over time once the pills are stopped. Women who stopped using the pill more than 10 years ago do not seem to have any increased risk. It's a good idea to talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of birth control pills.
<li>Using hormone therapy after menopause</li>
Post- menopausal hormone therapy (PHT) has been used for many years to help relieve symptoms of menopause and to help prevent thinning of the bones (osteoporosis). This treatment goes by other names, such hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and menopausal hormone therapy (MHT).
<li>Not having children or having them later in life</li>
Women who have had not had children, or who had their first child after age 30, have a slightly higher <u>risk of breast cancer</u>. Being pregnant many times and at an early age reduces breast cancer risk. Being pregnant lowers a woman's total number of lifetime menstrual cycles, which may be the reason for this effect. </ul>
</ol>
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The Risks of Breast Cancer

The Risks of Breast Cancer Breast cancer (malignant breast neoplasm) is a type of cancer originating from breast tissue, most common...

Definition and Description of the Breast Cancer

Gaptek_ancorez breast cancer 10:19 AM

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<h1>Definition</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmVv4DIgBUvS6aL_mSNTgRPBD_K-lyf6j6-uVkXCtD0zWFK_nGZZEekuvq8ufKK_6wJ0Hv4tE554XaQSboJydp7kl0-TuJA75He1IyDwOQ_e8elOvplxq2R-cgBkTYwjOKf6kcprBPUoJS/s1600/Definition+and+Description+of+the+Breast+Cancer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmVv4DIgBUvS6aL_mSNTgRPBD_K-lyf6j6-uVkXCtD0zWFK_nGZZEekuvq8ufKK_6wJ0Hv4tE554XaQSboJydp7kl0-TuJA75He1IyDwOQ_e8elOvplxq2R-cgBkTYwjOKf6kcprBPUoJS/s320/Definition+and+Description+of+the+Breast+Cancer.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><b>Breast cancer</b> is the most common form of cancer in women and the second most common cause of <a href="http://cancer-666.blogspot.com/">cancer</a> death for women in the U.S. While the majority of new breast cancers are diagnosed as a result of an abnormality seen on a mammogram, a lump or change in consistency of the breast tissue felt with the fingertips can also be a warning sign of the disease.<br />
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Heightened awareness of <i>breast cancer</i> risk in the past decades has led to an increase in the number of women getting mammograms. Breast cancers are being detected in earlier stages and survival rates are going up. Still, breast cancer is the most common cause of death in women between the ages of 45 and 55. Although breast cancer is more common in women, it does occur in men. Male breast cancer accounts for about 1% of all cancer deaths in men.<br />
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<u>Breast cancer</u> is caused by the development of malignant cells in the breast. The malignant cells originate in the lining of the milk glands or ducts of the breast (ductal epithelium), defining this malignancy as a cancer. Cancer cells are characterized by uncontrolled division leading to abnormal growth and the ability of these cells to invade normal tissue locally or to spread throughout the body, in a process called metastasis.<br />
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Cancer that forms in tissues of the breast, usually the ducts (tubes that carry milk to the nipple) and lobules (glands that make milk). There are numerous types of breast cancer, but cancer that begins in the milk ducts (ductal carcinoma) is the most common type. It occurs in both men and women, although male breast cancer is rare.<br />
<br />
<h2>Description</h2><br />
<b>Breast cancer</b> arises in the milk- producing glands of the breast tissue. Groups of glands in normal breast tissue are called lobules. The products of these glands are secreted into a duct system that leads to the nipple. Depending on where in the glandular or ductal unit of the breast the cancer arises, it will develop certain characteristics that are used to sub-classify breast cancer into types.<br />
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The pathologist will note the subtype at the time of evaluation with the microscope. Ductal carcinoma begins in the ducts, lobular carcinoma has a pattern involving the lobules or glands. The more important classification is related to the evaluated tumor's capability to invade, as this characteristic defines the disease as a true cancer. The stage before invasive cancer is called in situ, meaning that the early malignancy has not yet become capable of invasion. Thus, ductal carcinoma in situ is considered a minimal breast cancer.</div></div>

Definition and Description of the Breast Cancer

Definition Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women and the second most common cause of cancer death for women in the U...

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